No software is perfect as it is on the moment. Through time, certain bugs and flaws are being discovered by the maker. Malware, like spyware and viruses, may exploit these flaws, using them for installation or reproduction. The only way to fix these flaws is through updating.

It is essential to update the Operating System (OS) itself regularly. After all, the computer boots with it through the hard drive. In Windows, for example, you can manually check for updates and choose the features that you want to install. However, it is more convenient to configure updating to automatic. Regularly, the Windows OS communicates with its server for updates.

Updating is also essential for antimalware and internet solutions. New viruses are being created everyday, making the internet a very hostile environment. Everyday, antivirus companies expand their databases and virus definitions. These updates are needed to make sure that your computer is protected.

Of course, the user must be sure that his/her OS and antimalware are both genuine and licensed. There are high risks of getting malware if these two are tampered with. Pirated and cracked versions may have limited features and can be banned—rendering them useless.
Careful Installation

Many times, malware gets its way to the user’s computer because of plain carelessness. People usually skip the EULA (End-User License Agreement) during installation. Even if they seem long and boring to read, EULAs contain significant information on a software product. There are programs that can “read” the agreement for you. They check for keywords if there are risks of adware or spyware.

It is very annoying to have installed an adware or spyware. They actually breach the privacy of the user. Spyware, in particular, records the web browsing activity of the user. Then, the information will be sent to the maker or other third parties. The real danger is with “stealware” which can capture login IDs and passwords.

Most commonly, spyware disguises as web browser add-ons. These include search bars and downloader tool bars. After you have installed them, they may flood you with pop-up advertisements—occasionally with obscene pictures. They will waste your precious time and make surfing dangerous, especially for children.

The risk, however, can be lessened by reading the EULA and reading reviews about the particular program. There are also reliable anti-malware tools that can be integrated with your browser.

Disk Scanning
Scanning your hard drive and flash disks should be a “sacred” habit. The usual target of viruses are program files (by default, drive C in Windows). An antivirus, usually, has a quick scan feature for infection hotspots. It is best to scan a new program before running it. Viruses reproduce only when their host program file is executed by the computer or the user.
          
As for floppy drives, thumb drives or flash drives, more frequent scanning is required. These are often plugged into other computers, particularly in public shops. Other malware embed themselves in boot sectors of these removable devices. If the computer is booted with an infected device, it naturally gets infected too. It is wise to first scan the device before booting your system with it.