Malware’s root words are “malicious” and “software.” Just from its name, you will not want them to be installed in your computer. They can destroy your precious files and slow down your system. Moreover, many of them can invade your privacy. They can send your browsing habits, even your important identification details to third parties.

Viruses are one of the most popular malware. In fact, the term virus is used as generic label to all other malware. However, they have the unique ability of endless reproduction. They infect program files, causing their multiplication when executed by the user.

Worms, on the other hand, do not need execution of program files. They exist in computer networks. If they find a vulnerable computer, they will infect it. Then, they will have another network to invade.
Adware or advertisement software can be the most annoying. They usually come in package with other programs, particularly with browser add-ons. They automatically download images and text for marketing. These will show up as irritating pop-ups. The user gets no control over the advertisements, including the frequent appearance of pornographic ads.

Perhaps the most evil of the group are programs that intrude with the user’s privacy. They can send your browsing history to third parties, without your consent. Others are specifically designed to steal personal information like bank account numbers, PINs and passwords.
The Solutions

            Basically, damage from malware can be avoided through smart computer usage. Remember that the internet is unkind, and “free downloads” are not always advisable. Read user reviews of the program before installing. It is also best to download directly from official sites and recognized mirrors.

If you do not trust a program, you can use isolating software. This kind of programs creates some kind of virtual box, which will be the environment of the program being tested. If you run an executable using the isolator, it cannot modify your computer in any way. It is like having a virtual computer within a computer. This is perfect for testing unfamiliar programs.

Of course, antivirus protection is essential in defending against malware. Commercial antivirus software is usually geared with anti-spyware and anti-adware. However, one must be meticulous in choosing the right antivirus (There are legal issues between antivirus companies and adware creators. Some adware creators may sue companies that will directly block their programs.).
It is also convenient to choose “automatic” for antivirus updates. With each day, more malware is being created and distributed. Protection software needs updated databases and definitions to identify and quarantine rogue programs.

If the degree of computer infection is very severe, antimalware alone cannot solve the problem. After all, some viruses are strong enough to disable antivirus protection, including important OS functions. If this is the case, the best solution is reinstallation of the OS.

            Fresh OS installation means that all the programs and the registry on the drive partition will be lost. Create back-ups first through DVDs or removable devices. Install the OS, along with the other programs, and fortify it with antimalware. Then, you can safely re-copy your files after scanning.